Commons:Licentias
Shortcuts: COM:L • COM:LICENSE
Iste pagina da al non-advocatos un summario del legislation complexe concernente le derecto de autor per medio de un tutorial a base de exemplos. Illo visa a adjutar le incargatores a decider si un imagine o altere file multimedia es acceptabile pro Wikimedia Commons. Si tu es un re-usator que cerca information sur como usar le contento de Commons in un proprie obra, vide Commons:Re-usar contento foras de Wikimedia.
Wikimedia Commons accepta solmente le contento libere, isto es, imagines e altere files multimedia que non es subjecte a restrictiones de derecto de autor que impedirea lor uso per quicunque, quandocunque, pro qualcunque scopo. Le uso pote nonobstante esser restringite per problemas non connexe al derecto de autor; vide Commons:Restrictiones non-copyright, e le licentia pote exiger certe mesuras particular. Il ha anque certe materiales cuje derectos de autor ha expirate in un pais ma es ancora in vigor in un altere. Alcunes del detalios se explica hic infra. Wikimedia Commons tenta a assecurar que omne tal restrictiones se mentiona sur le pagina de description del imagine; totevia, es le responsabilitate del re-usatores assecurar se que le uso del material es de accordo con le licentia e non viola alcun lege applicabile.
Wikimedia Commons accepta solmente files multimedial
- que es explicitemente licentiate liberemente, o
- que es in le dominio public al minus in le Statos Unite e in le pais de origine del obra.
Wikimedia Commons non accepta justificationes de fair use: vide Commons:Fair use. Files multimedial exclusivemente sub licentias non-commercial solmente (como CC BY-NC-SA) etiam non es acceptate.
Le licentia que se applica a un imagine o file multimedial debe esser indicate clarmente in le pagina de description del file, usante un marca de derecto de autor. Tote le informationes requirite per ille licentia debe esser fornite in le pagina de description. Le information date in le pagina de description debe esser sufficiente pro permitter que alteres verifica le stato del licentia. Es preferite facer isto immediatemente in le campo de summario in le formulario de incargamento.
Si tu es un detentor de derecto de autor e vole confirmar le permission, per favor usa le modello de e-mail pro inviar lo via VRT.
Licentias acceptabile
Un licentia de derecto de autor es un permission formal que declara qui pote usar un obra protegite per derectos de autor e como on pote usar lo. Un licentia pote esser concedite solmente per le detentor del derecto de autor, que normalmente es le autor (photographo, pictor o similar).
Tote le material sub derecto de autor in Commons (que non es in le dominio public) debe esser licentiate sub un licentia libere que specificamente e irrevocabilemente permitte que quicunque usa le material pro qualcunque scopo; simplemente scriber que "le material pote esser usate liberemente per quicinque" o simile non es sufficiente. In particular, le licentia debe satisfacer le sequente conditiones:
- Republication e distribution debe esser permittite.
- Publication de obras derivate debe esser permittite.
- Utilisation commercial del obra debe esser permittite.
- Le licentia debe esser perpetue (sin expiration) e irrevocabile.
- Recognition de tote le autores/contributores de un obra pote esser obligatori.
- Publication de obra derivate sub le mesme licentia pote esser obligatori.
- Pro distribution digital, le uso de formatos de file aperte sin gestion de restrictiones digital (Template:Gestion de derectos digital) pote esser obligatori.
A vices, autores vole publicar un version de qualitate inferior o resolution plus basse de un imagine o video sub un licentia "libere", durante que illes applica terminos plus stricte a versiones de qualitate superior. Es incerte si tal distinction es juridicamente applicabile, ma le politica de Commons es respectar le intentiones del detentor del derecto de autor per albergar solmente le version de qualitate inferior.
Le sequente restrictiones non es acceptabile pro le imagine o altere file multimedial:
- Uso solmente per Wikimedia.
- Uso non-commercial, educative, personal o redactional solmente.
- Uso sub fair use solmente.
- Notification obligatori del creator, non un mer requesta, pro tote le uso o pro alcunes.
Per exemplo, lo sequente generalmente non es permittite:
- Capturas de schermo de software que non es sub un licentia libere. Nonobstante, capturas de schermo de software sub le GPL o un licentia de software libere similar es generalmente considerate como in ordine. Vide Commons:Capturas de schermo.
- Capturas de schermo de TV/DVD/videojocos. Vide Commons:Capturas de schermo.
- Scans o photographias reproductive de obras de arte sub derecto de autor, particularmente coperturas de libros, coperturas de albumes/CDs, etc. Vide Commons:Obras derivative.
- Symbolos, logos, etc. sub derecto de autor. (Non confunder con marcas registrate.)
- Modellos, mascas, joculos, e altere objectos que representa un obra sub derecto de autor, como un personage de cartoon o film (e non simplemente un actor particular, independentemente de un rolo specific). Vide Commons:Obras derivative.
Commons etiam permitte obras que non es protegite per le derecto de autor (i.e. obras in le dominio public). Per favor, lege le section sur le dominio public infra.
Pro un explication del justification de iste politica de licentia, vide Commons:Licentias/Justificationes.
Multi-licentia
Tu pote offerer tante licentias pro un file como tu vole, a condition que al minus un de illos satisface le criterios pro licentias libere enumerate supra. Per exemplo, files pote esser licentiate con tanto Creative Commons Attribution-CompartiSimile (satisface le criterios) como Attribution-NonCommercial (non satisface le criterios). In iste exemplo, re-usatores haberea le option de crear derivatos usante un licentia compatibile (CompartiSimile) o usar un altere modello de licentia e esser limitate al uso NonCommercial. Nonobstante, un re-usator qui opta pro le ultime non pote incargar su obra derivate a Commons, pois que Attribution-NonCommercial non satisface le criterios de un licentia libere.
Multi-licentiar con licentias restrictive pote esser desirabile pro compatibilitate con le schema de licentia de altere projectos. In ultra, multi-licentiar permitte al creator de un obra derivate liberar ille obra sub un licentia restrictive solmente, si desirate — isto vole dicer, illo da al creatores de obras derivate plus libertate de selection pro le licentias que illes pote utilisar pro lor obra. Vide Commons:Multi-licentia.
Licentias ben cognoscite
Le sequente licentias ben cognoscite es preferite pro materiales sur Commons:
- Creative Commons Attribution/CompartiSimile
- GNU Licentia Public General (GPL) de GNU / Licentia Public General Minor (LGPL) de GNU
- Licentia de Arte Libere/Free Art License (LAL/FAL)
- Open Data Commons, pro bases de datos con licentia libere ubi le contentos es etiam libere o disponibile sub un licentia libere o non pote esser separate del base de datos [1].
| Icones e nomines de licentias Creative Commons | Abbreviationes e versiones | Acceptabile? | Notas |
|---|---|---|---|
 |
CC Public Domain Mark 1.0 |  Generalmente acceptabile
|
Frequentemente trovate sur imagines de Flickr, e considerate como licentia libere in le major parte del casos. - Vide le section Dominio Public infra |
 |
CC0 |  Acceptabile
|
|
 |
CC BY (1.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 4.0) | Acceptabile
|
|
 |
CC BY-SA (1.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 4.0) | Acceptabile
|
|
 |
CC BY-NC (1.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 4.0) |  Non acceptabile
|
|
 |
CC BY-NC-ND (1.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 4.0) | Non acceptabile
|
|
 |
CC BY-NC-SA (1.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 4.0) | Non acceptabile
|
|
 |
CC BY-ND (1.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 4.0) | Non acceptabile
|
|
| Notas sur le symbolos | |||
| |||
Pro repeter: le obras in le dominio public es etiam acceptate (vide infra #Material in the public domain).
Vide Commons:Etiquettes de derecto de autor pro plus licentias.
Licentias prohibite
Le obras que non es disponibile sub un licentia que satisface le Definition de Obras Cultural Libere explicitemente non es permittite. Vide le resolution sur licentias del Consilio de Administration del Fundation Wikimedia pro plus information.
Alcun exemplos de stato de licentia frequentemente trovate sur Internet, ma prohibite sur Commons, include:
- Licentias Creative Commons Solmente Non-Commercial (-NC) con
- Licentias Creative Commons Nulle-Derivatos (-ND) con
- Material sin licentia que pote esser usate solmente sub fair use, fair dealing, o altere exceptiones juridic similar (vide infra pro le rationes: #Material under the fair use clause is not allowed on Commons)
- Licentia GNU pro Documentation Libere (GFDL), sub certe conditiones (vide infra)
Le licentias non permittite pote solmente esser usate sur Commons si le obra es multi-licentiate sub al minus un licentia permittite.
"Si un imagine non es acceptabile, considera peter al autor de publicar su obra sub un licentia libere como CC BY (le licentia Creative Commons Attribution), o CC BY-SA (Creative Commons Attribution-CompartiSimile)."
Licentia GNU pro Documentation Libere
Le Licentia GNU pro Documentation Libere (GFDL) non es practic pro le major parte del contento, particularmente pro materiales imprimite, perque illo require que le obras es publicate con le texto integre del licentia. Dunque, es preferibile publicar le obra con un licentia dual, adder al GFDL un licentia que permitte le uso facile del photo o texto; un licentia Creative Commons, per exemplo. In ultra, non usa le licentias GPL e LGPL como le sol licentia pro vostre proprie obras si es possibile evitar isto, perque illos non es vermente appropriate pro alcun cosa excepte le software.
GFDL non es permittite como le sol licentia acceptabile si tote le sequente punctos se applica:
- Le contento recipeva un licentia le 15 de octobre 2018 o postea. On considera le data del licentia, non le data de creation o incargamento.
- Le contento es principalmente un photo, pictura, designo, audio o video.
- Le contento non es un logo de software, diagramma o captura de schermo extrahite de un manual de software sub GFDL.
Information de licentia
Tote le paginas de description sur Commons debe indicar clarmente sub qual licentia le materiales ha essite publicate, e debe continer le informationes obligate per le licentia (autor, etc.) assi como informationes sufficiente pro permitter que alteres verifica le stato del licentia, etiam si le licentia mesme o le leges de derecto de autor non lo exige.
In particular, le informationes sequente debe esser date sur le pagina de description, mesmo si le licentia non lo require:
- Le licentia que se applica al material. Isto debe esser facite con un marca de derecto de autor.
- Le fonte del material. Si le incargator es le autor, isto debe esser declarate explicitemente. (p.ex. "Create per le incargator", "facite per me", "obra proprie", etc.) Si non, per favor include un ligamine web o un citation complete si possibile. Nota ben: cosas como "Transferite ab Wikipedia" generalmente non es considerate como un fonte valide, excepte si illo es le sito de publication original. Le fonte primari debe esser fornite.
- Le autor/creator del imagine o file multimedial. Pro materiales que es considerate como in le dominio public perque le derecto de autor ha expirate, le data de morte del autor pote etiam esser crucial (vide le section sur material de dominio public infra). Un patrono de licentia generic que implica que le incargator es le detentor del derecto de autor (p.ex. {{PD-self}}) non es un substitution pro iste requisito. Le sol exceptiones a isto es si le autor desira remaner anonyme o in certe casos ubi le autor es incognite ma existe information sufficiente pro demonstrar que le obra es vermente in le dominio public (p.ex. le data de creation/publication).
De minor importantia, ma deberea sempre esser fornite si possibile:
- Le description del imagine o file multimedia. De que es illo? Como esseva illo create?
- Le data e loco de creation. Pro materiales que es considerate esser in le dominio public perque le derecto de autor ha expirate, le data de creation pote esser crucial (vide le section sur materiales de dominio public infra).
Iste punctos del description pote esser facite al melior usante le patrono de information. Pro usar iste patrono, vide Commons:Prime passos/Qualitate e description.
Campo de application de licentias
In alcun casos, un documento (file de multimedia) pote haber multiple aspectos que pote e debe esser licentiate: cata persona qui contribueva un parte critic del obra ha derectos sur le resultatos, e totes debe render lor contribution disponibile sub un licentia libere; vide obra derivate. Nonobstante, le distinctiones es incerte e pote differer de pais a pais. Ecce alcun exemplos pro clarificar:
- Pro un registration musical, le aspectos sequente debe esser prendite in conto, e cata un debe esser sub un licentia libere (o in le dominio public):
- Le partitura del musica (derectos del compositor)
- Le parolas del cantion (derectos del scriptor)
- Le representation (derectos del executores)
- Le registration (derectos del personal technic / casa discographic)
- Pro un photo de obra de arte (incluse le coperturas de libros e cosas similar), es simile:
- Le creator del obra de arte original ha derectos sur omne reproductiones e obra derivate.
- Le photographo ha derectos sur le imagine, si illo non es un reproduction simple del original.
- Pro un imagine de un edificio o un obra de arte public (como un monumento sculptural o un mural), nota que le architecto o le artista pote haber alcun derectos si es monstrate characteristicas architectonic o artistic distincte; ma vide etiam Commons:Libertate de panorama.
Isto es frequentemente problematic, si le obra de arte non es le contento primari del imagine o non es clarmente recognoscibile: in ille caso, es usual que solmente le creator del imagine (registration, etc.) resultante detene le derecto de autor. Per exemplo, quando on prende un photographia de un gruppo de personas in un museo, le photo pote etiam monstrar alcun picturas sur le muros. In ille caso, non es necessari prender in conto le derecto de autor de ille picturas. Totevia, le distinction non es multo clar. Le politica Commons:De minimis ha plus informationes sur iste concepto.
Nota ben que le licentia pro tote le aspectos debe esser determinate e mentionate explicitemente. Nota etiam que le majoritate de reproductiones non permitte que le persona qui face le reproduction assere un nove derecto de autor; le creator de un reproduction digital de un imagine non possede alcun nove derecto de autor sur le imagine digital resultante. Le unic derecto de autor relevante es illo del imagine original. Isto etiam se applica al capturas de schermo.
Materiales in le dominio public
Materiales publicate sub un licentia como CC0 se considera equivalente al materiales del dominio public. Obras sin originalitate e sin restrictiones de licentia es in le dominio public. Alcun poc governamentos del mundo, includente le governamentos federal del SUA, California, e Florida, pone le major parte de lor obras, includente le major parte de lor registros public, in le dominio public. Le instructiones de Wikipedia in anglese sur materiales del dominio public defini plus precisemente iste numerose exceptiones.
Commons accepta materiales que es in le dominio public, isto es, documentos permittite per le exception supra, o que non es eligibile pro le derecto de autor, o pro le quales le derecto de autor ha expirate. Ma le "dominio public" es complexe; le leges del derecto de autor varia inter paises, e assi un obra pote esser in le dominio public in un pais, ma ancora esser sub derecto de autor in un altere. Il ha tractatos international como le Convention de Berna que fixa certe normas minime, ma paises individual es libere de ultrapassar iste minimos. Un regula general (non applicabile al Statos Unite) es que si le creator de un obra ha essite defuncte durante plus de 70 annos, su obras es in le dominio public in le pais in le qual le creator esseva un citatano e in le pais ubi le obra esseva publicate primo. Si le obra es anonyme o un obra collaborative (p.ex. un encyclopedia), illo es typicamente in le dominio public 70 annos post le data del prime publication. Si le autor es incognite post un investigation extensive, un obra pote esser presumite esser in le dominio public 120 annos post creation (vide {{PD-old-assumed}} pro plus detalios).
Multe paises usa un termino de derecto de autor de 70 annos. Un exception notabile es le S.U.A. A causa de circumstantias historic, le Statos Unite ha regulas plus complexe:
- Le obras publicate ante $anno es in le dominio public.
- Pro le obras publicate ante 1964, le derecto de autor dura 28 annos post le publication, e dunque es currentemente expirate excepte si le proprietario ha demandate un renovation durante le periodo inter 27 e 28 annos post le publication.
Si renovate durante ille periodo, le derecto de autor dura usque 95 annos post le prime publication.
Le grande majoritate de obras publicate ante 1964 ha passate in le dominio public, ma es imperative determinar que le derecto de autor non ha essite renovate. (Le catalogo in linea del Officio del derecto de autor del S.U.A. pote esser usate pro cercar renovationes in 1978 o plus tarde, lo que es utile pro obras publicate in 1951 usque 1963. Google ha scans del catalogo de papiro includente obras registrate inter 1923 e 1978).
- Pro le obras publicate ante 1978: usque 95 annos post le prime publication.
- Pro le obras publicate in 1978 o plus tarde: usque 70 annos post le morte del autor. Obras anonyme o obra facite pro commission: usque 95 annos post le prime publication o 120 annos post le creation del obra, dependente de qual es periodo es plus curte.
Pro le obras create ante 1978 ma publicate solmente in 1978 o plus tarde, il ha alcun regulas special. Iste terminos se applica in le S.U.A. etiam pro obras estranier.
Tamen, le anno e loco de publication es essential. In alcun paises, material publicate ante un certe anno es in le dominio public. In le SUA, iste data es le 1 de januario 1931. In alcun paises, tote le materiales publicate per le governamento es in le dominio public, durante que in alteres le governamentos assere alcun derecto de autor (vide Commons:Copyright rules by territory).
In le SUA, le situation del derecto de autor pro registrationes de sono (includente illos publicate ante $anno) es un caso special. Sub Title II del Music Modernization Act, registrationes que esseva primo fixate ante le 15 de februario 1972 es protegite per le derecto de autor pro un periodo de tempore sub le derecto de autor federal del SUA que depende del momento de prime publication del registration. Iste derecto de autor federal se applica independentemente de qualcunque formalitates (aviso de derecto de autor, registration, e/o renovation). Le durationes specific del termino del derecto de autor es le sequentes:
- Recordings that were first published prior to 1926 entered the public domain on January 1, 2026.
- Recordings that were first published between 1926 and 1946 are copyrighted for a period of 100 years after first publication.
- Recordings that were first published between 1947 and 1956 are copyrighted for a period of 110 years after first publication.
- Recordings that were published after 1956 and first fixed prior to February 15, 1972 will enter the public domain on February 15, 2067.
Sound recordings that were first fixed on or after February 15, 1972 are subject to the same US copyright law term lengths and provisions as other works.
In some jurisdictions (like the United States), one can also explicitly donate work one has created oneself to the public domain. In other places (like the European Union) this is technically not possible; instead, one can grant the right to use the picture freely with, for example, the Creative Commons Zero Waiver, which waives all rights granted by copyright, but the waiver might not be legally binding in the full extent of what is normally understood as "public domain" (e.g. regarding authors' moral rights).
The Hirtle chart is a tool for helping to determine if something is in the public domain in the United States. Commons:International copyright quick reference guide helps to determine if a work first published outside the United States can be uploaded.
Interaction of US and non-US copyright law
Commons is an international project, but its servers are located in the U.S., and its content should be maximally reusable. Uploads of non-U.S. works are normally allowed only if the work is either in the public domain or covered by a valid free license in both the U.S. and the country of origin of the work. The "country of origin" of a work is generally the country where the work was first published.
When uploading material from a country outside the U.S., the copyright laws of that country and the U.S. normally apply. If material that has been saved from a third-party website is uploaded to Commons, the copyright laws of the U.S., the country of residence of the uploader, and the country of location of the web servers of the website apply. Thus, any licence to use the material should apply in all relevant jurisdictions; if the material is in the public domain, it must normally be in the public domain in all these jurisdictions (plus in the country of origin of the work) for it to be allowable on Commons.
For example, if a person in the UK uploads a picture that has been saved off a French website to the Commons server, the uploader must be covered by UK, French and US copyright law. For that person to upload that photograph to Commons, the photograph must be public domain in France, the UK and the US, or there must be an acceptable copyright license for the photograph that covers the UK, US and France.
Exception: Faithful reproductions of two-dimensional works of art, such as paintings, which are in the public domain are an exception to this rule. In July 2008, following a statement clarifying WMF policy, Commons voted to the effect that all such photographs are accepted as public domain regardless of country of origin, and tagged with a warning. For details, see Commons:When to use the PD-Art tag.
Uruguay Round Agreements Act
- Main page: Commons:URAA-restored copyrights
The Uruguay Round Agreements Act or URAA is a US law that restored copyrights in the U.S. on foreign works if that work was still copyrighted in the foreign source country on the URAA date. This URAA date was January 1, 1996 for most countries. This means that foreign works became copyrighted in the U.S. even if they had been in the public domain in the U.S. before the URAA date. See also Wikipedia:Non-U.S. copyrights.
Because the constitutionality of this law was challenged in court, Commons initially permitted users to upload images that would have been public domain in the U.S. without the URAA. However, the constitutionality of the URAA was upheld by the U.S. Supreme Court in Golan v. Holder. After discussion, it was determined that the affected files would not be deleted en masse but reviewed individually. There was further discussion about the best method for review of affected files, resulting in the creation of Commons:WikiProject Public Domain (not active anymore).
Files affected by the URAA should be tagged with {{Not-PD-US-URAA}}.
Files nominated for deletion due to the URAA should be evaluated carefully, as should be their copyright status under US and local laws. A mere allegation that the URAA applies to a file cannot be the sole reason for deletion. If the end result of copyright evaluation is that there is significant doubt about the freedom of a file under US or local law, the file must be deleted in line with the precautionary principle.
Old orphan works
Old orphan works are accepted, provided that at least one of the following two conditions applies:
- the works were created before 1931;
- the works were created before the pma duration (required years after the author's death) in the country of origin, which would satisfy {{PD-1996}} if published at the time of creation (e.g. works created before 1946 for 50 years pma countries, where the URAA date for that country is 1996).
When uploading such works, please add {{Orphan works}} to the file page to explain the situation.
PD 1.0 and Flickr
See also: Commons:Flickr files. 
The Creative Commons Public Domain 1.0 mark (PDM) is often applied to images on photography websites such as Flickr.com, and is not a license. Despite this, the community found that when a user applies PDM to their own work, they are releasing their work to be in the public domain, and these works are believed to be freely licensed. For further information, see Accept files published by the copyright holder with a Public Domain Mark.
Fair use is not allowed on Commons
Wikimedia Commons does not accept content under the condition of fair use. See Commons:Fair use.
Derivative works
Imagine you want to upload a picture of Bart Simpson, but of course you can't just scan it in. Why not take a picture of a little action figure and then upload it? Don't. The reason why you can't upload photographs of such figures is that they are considered derivative works. Such works can't be published without permission of the original creator.
The US Copyright Act of 1976, Section 101, says: "A derivative work is a work based upon one or more preexisting works, such as a translation, musical arrangement, dramatization, fictionalization, motion picture version, sound recording, art reproduction, abridgment, condensation, or any other form in which a work may be recast, transformed, or adapted. A work consisting of editorial revisions, annotations, elaborations, or other modifications which, as a whole, represent an original work of authorship, is a "derivative work"." A photograph of a copyrighted item is considered a derivative work in US jurisdiction. US Copyright Act of 1976, Section 106: "(...) The owner of copyright under this title has the exclusive rights to do and to authorize any of the following: (...) (2) to prepare derivative works based upon the copyrighted work;"
Therefore, "unauthorized" derivative works, like photographs of copyrighted action figures, toys, etc., must be deleted. For more information, see Commons:Derivative works.
Exception: So-called useful articles - objects with an intrinsic utilitarian function, even if commercial designs, are not subject to copyright protection in the US. Consequently, images thereof are not derivative works under US law. For details and applicability of this exception, see the Supreme Court’s decision in Mazer v. Stein, and {{Useful-object-US}}.
Simple design
.svg){kind=logo}
Regarding trademarks (see also Commons:Copyright rules by subject matter: Trademarks): Most commercial items and products are protected by intellectual property laws in one way or another, but copyright is only one such protection. It is important to make the distinction between copyright, trademarks, and patents. Wikimedia Commons generally only enforces copyright restrictions, for these reasons:
- Almost anything can be trademarked, and it wouldn't make sense to forbid everything.
- Trademarks and industrial designs restrictions are pertinent to industrial reproduction, but photographs of such items can otherwise be freely reproduced.
→ For these reasons Commons accepts any trademark whose copyright has expired. Moreover, Commons accepts images of text in a general typeface and of simple geometric shapes, even if it happens to be a recent trademarked logo, on the grounds that such an image is not sufficiently creative to attract copyright protection.
Such images should be tagged with {{PD-ineligible}} or one of the list of more specific tags for this kind of works (e.g. {{PD-textlogo}} for simple logos).
Raster renderings (i.e. PNG images) of uncopyrighted simple designs can themselves be regarded as being uncopyrighted. For vector images (i.e. SVG files) of uncopyrighted simple designs, the question as to whether the vector representation has its own copyright is less clear; see the English Wikipedia copyright information about fonts and the {{PD-textlogo}} talk page for more information.
It is often very difficult to determine whether a design is protected by copyright or not, and images of these sorts are frequently nominated for deletion, with various results. See Commons:Threshold of originality and/or "Threshold of originality" (in Wikipedia) for some guidance.
Fonts
The raster rendering of a font (or typeface) is not subject to copyright in the U.S., and therefore is in the public domain. It may be copyrighted in other countries (see intellectual property of typefaces on Wikipedia). You should use {{PD-font}} in this case.
Text (structured data, descriptions, etc.)
All structured data for pages in the file namespace is licensed under the Creative Commons CC0 License. All unstructured text (source wikitext) is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, v. 4.0 ("CC BY-SA 4.0"). When you add text content to Commons pages, you are accepting these conditions and granting these licenses.
Copyright rules
Some guidance on applicable copyright rules can be found at
- Commons:Copyright rules by territory
- Commons:Copyright rules by subject matter (formerly "Commons:Image casebook")
See also
See also
Notes
- ↑ In cases where a work is simultaneously published in multiple countries, the "country of origin" is the country which grants the shortest term of copyright protection, per the Berne Convention.
- ↑ See Ets-Hokin v. Skyy Spirits Inc where it was decided that the SKYY vodka bottle and logo were not copyrightable.
External links
Collections of laws:
- UNESCO collection of copyright laws.
- WIPO Lex.
- CERLALC: Copyright laws of Latin America, the Caribbean states, and Spain and Portugal.
- CIPR: Copyright laws of the CIS nations and the three Baltic states.
- ECAP: Copyright laws of ASEAN countries.
- EuroMed Audiovisual II EU programme; has recent copyright laws of some mediterranean states (from Morocco to Turkey).
Copyright treaties:
Other:
- Circular 38a: International Copyright Relations of the United States, from the U.S. Copyright Office. (A bit dated, some countries are missing.)
- Circular 38b: Highlights of Copyright Amendments Contained in the URAA, from the U.S. Copyright Office.
- 17 USC 104A: Copyright restorations in the U.S. due to the URAA
- Copyright in the USA